S: (v) innervate (stimulate to action) "innervate a muscle or a nerve"
S: (v) irritate (excite to some characteristic action or condition, such as motion, contraction, or nervous impulse, by the application of a stimulus) "irritate the glands of a leaf"
S: (v) pinch, vellicate (irritate as if by a nip, pinch, or tear) "smooth surfaces can vellicate the teeth"; "the pain is as if sharp points pinch your back"
S: (v) process, treat (subject to a process or treatment, with the aim of readying for some purpose, improving, or remedying a condition) "process cheese"; "process hair"; "treat the water so it can be drunk"; "treat the lawn with chemicals"; "treat an oil spill"
S: (v) propagate (cause to propagate, as by grafting or layering)
S: (v) saccharify (convert into a simple soluble fermentable sugar by hydrolyzing a sugar derivative or complex carbohydrate)
S: (v) tinge, color, colour, distort (affect as in thought or feeling) "My personal feelings color my judgment in this case"; "The sadness tinged his life"
S: (v) compromise (expose or make liable to danger, suspicion, or disrepute) "The nuclear secrets of the state were compromised by the spy"
S: (v) hit, strike (affect or afflict suddenly, usually adversely) "We were hit by really bad weather"; "He was stricken with cancer when he was still a teenager"; "The earthquake struck at midnight"
S: (v) subject (cause to experience or suffer or make liable or vulnerable to) "He subjected me to his awful poetry"; "The sergeant subjected the new recruits to many drills"; "People in Chernobyl were subjected to radiation"
S: (v) vitriol (expose to the effects of vitriol or injure with vitriol)
S: (v) put (cause (someone) to undergo something) "He put her to the torture"
S: (v) shipwreck (cause to experience shipwreck) "They were shipwrecked in one of the mysteries at sea"
S: (v) refract (subject to refraction) "refract a light beam"
S: (v) expose (expose or make accessible to some action or influence) "Expose your students to art"; "expose the blanket to sunshine"
S: (v) ventilate (expose to the circulation of fresh air so as to retard spoilage) "Wheat should be well ventilated"
S: (v) sun, insolate, solarize, solarise (expose to the rays of the sun or affect by exposure to the sun) "insolated paper may turn yellow and crumble"; "These herbs suffer when sunned"
S: (v) straiten, distress (bring into difficulties or distress, especially financial hardship)
S: (v) influence, act upon, work (have and exert influence or effect) "The artist's work influenced the young painter"; "She worked on her friends to support the political candidate"
S: (v) change, alter, modify (cause to change; make different; cause a transformation) "The advent of the automobile may have altered the growth pattern of the city"; "The discussion has changed my thinking about the issue"
S: (v) push, bear on (press, drive, or impel (someone) to action or completion of an action) "He pushed her to finish her doctorate"
S: (v) continue, uphold, carry on, bear on, preserve (keep or maintain in unaltered condition; cause to remain or last) "preserve the peace in the family"; "continue the family tradition"; "Carry on the old traditions"