Noun

• S: (n) excess, surplus, surplusage, nimiety (a quantity much larger than is needed)
• S: (n) excess, excessiveness, inordinateness (immoderation as a consequence of going beyond sufficient or permitted limits)
• S: (n) surfeit, excess, overabundance (the state of being more than full)
• S: (n) overindulgence, excess (excessive indulgence) "the child was spoiled by overindulgence"

Adjective

• S: (adj) excess, extra, redundant, spare, supererogatory, superfluous, supernumerary, surplus (more than is needed, desired, or required) "trying to lose excess weight"; "found some extra change lying on the dresser"; "yet another book on heraldry might be thought redundant"; "skills made redundant by technological advance"; "sleeping in the spare room"; "supernumerary ornamentation"; "it was supererogatory of her to gloat"; "delete superfluous (or unnecessary) words"; "extra ribs as well as other supernumerary internal parts"; "surplus cheese distributed to the needy"